Resistors

Resistors

What is a Resistor?

A resistor is a component that resists the flow of electrical current. It's used to:

  • Limit current
  • Divide voltage
  • Protect components

Real Resistors

Here's what actual resistors look like:

Various resistors in close-up Carbon film and metal film resistors of various values

Resistor Symbols

  • US/IEEE: Zigzag line
  • IEC/European: Rectangle

Reading Resistor Color Codes

Resistors use colored bands to show their value:

4-Band Resistor

BandMeaning
1st1st digit
2nd2nd digit
3rdMultiplier
4thTolerance

Color Values

ColorDigitMultiplierTolerance
Black-
Brown110Ω±1%
Red2100Ω±2%
Orange31kΩ±3%
Yellow410kΩ±4%
Green5100kΩ±0.5%
Blue61MΩ±0.25%
Violet710MΩ±0.1%
Gray8-±0.05%
White9--
Gold-0.1Ω±5%
Silver-0.01Ω±10%

Example: Red, Violet, Brown, Gold

  • Red = 2
  • Violet = 7
  • Brown = ×10
  • Gold = ±5%
Value = 27 × 10 = 270Ω ±5%

Standard Resistor Values

Common values: 10Ω, 100Ω, 1kΩ, 10kΩ, 100kΩ, 1MΩ

Summary

  • Resistors limit current flow
  • Color bands show resistance value
  • Always check tolerance before using

Next Lesson

In the next lesson, you'll learn about capacitors.

Quiz - Quiz - Resistors

1. What is the main purpose of a resistor?

2. In a 4-band resistor, what does the third band represent?

3. A resistor has bands: Brown, Black, Red, Gold. What is its value?

Ohm's Law